Love and Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Essay

Love and Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Pride and Prejudice was published in 1813 during the Regency period. From a woman’s point of view, marriage was seen as â€Å"the only honourable provision for well-educated young women of small fortune†. Marriage was seen as the only way of securing a home and a decent living. If a woman wasn’t married she would have the life of a spinster, and depend upon a family who may not always support her. The only other choice was to become a governess, where once again a woman would be dependent on a family. So, considering these options, most young women were obliged to get married. Most marriages were based on physical attraction, financial security†¦show more content†¦Men tended also to marry within their social class as it kept a respectable reputation and possibly increased the wealth within his family. If a man was very wealthy and owned a large estate he would be very sought after. When Darcy is first observed it was because of â€Å"his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien; and the report which was in general circulation within five minutes after his entrance of his having ten thousand a year.† So within his first arrival everyone had established a definite attraction to him if not for his appearance, then for his money. However, Austen has used the social symbolism of the marriages to show the gradual merging of social classes. The marriage of Elizabeth to Darcy and Jane to Bingley shows that there was a fuse forming between the aristocracy and bourgeois social ranks. Marriage in the Regency period can relate to marriages today because in certain cases women (and men to an extent) marry for financial stability. Although most people would prefer to observe this as an act of true love, vowing yourself to another can create the security to make someone feel safely established for the rest of their life. One example in the novel of a marriage for love and mutual affection is the wedlock between Jane and Bingley. Both partners in this relationship show a constant loving devotion for one another. Jane is unwilling to seeShow MoreRelatedLove and Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice2117 Words   |  9 PagesLove and Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Analyse Jane Austens presentation of love and marriage in her novel Pride Prejudice. From your evidence suggest what Austen regards as a good marriage. On first impressions of the novel, my own prejudices clouded my judgement of the book and of what it might have consisted. 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By intensively reading her six novels (Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Northanger Abbey, Mansfield Park, Emma and Persuasion) and studying feminism, I have found some significant and fresh thingsRead MorePride and Prejudice: Exploring the Chasm Between Love and Marriage in Georgian England1675 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Pride and Prejudice†, is a novel which explores the huge chasm between love and marriage in Georgian England. Jane Austen’s presentation of passion and matrimony reiterates the fact that marriage is a â€Å"business arrangement†. Austen uses irony to make fun of polite society in this satire and Austen also emphasizes the point that social hierarchy dictates whom you can marry. The pressures of men and women in Georgian England are revealed through her exp loration of the aristocracy’s prejudice againstRead More Essay on Pride and Prejudice as Romantic Novel and Romantic Criticism1398 Words   |  6 PagesPride and Prejudice as Romantic Novel and Romantic Criticism       To a great extent, Jane Austen satirizes conventional romantic novels by inverting the expectations of love at first sight and the celebration of passion and physical attractiveness, and criticizing their want of sense. However, there are also elements of conventional romance in the novel, notably, in the success of Jane and Bingleys love.    The first indication of Austens inversion of accepted romantic conventionsRead MoreSocial Commentary on Love and Marriage in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austin1734 Words   |  7 PagesPride and Prejudice Love and Marriage Jane Austen shows the readers within the first sentence what the plot and main theme of Pride and Prejudice is and what social ideas she plans on presenting through this novel. The first sentence of Pride and Prejudice stands as one of the most famous introductory lines in literature. It states, â€Å"it is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife† (Austen 5). 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Some critics believe that Austen wrote the novel to portray how different social classes affected the lives of women such as the Bennet sisters. Others, however, believe that the novel was written

Book Review Courtesans and Fishcakes - 1251 Words

Courtesans and Fishcakes written by James Davidson explore the ancient Greek culture of the Athenians and elaborate on not only the desire for sex, but the appetites of life. Author James Davidson is a professor in the Department of Classics and Ancient History at the University of Warwick. In his biography, it says that he is a regular contributor to the London Review of Book and the author of the award winning The Greeks and Greek Love. Courtesans and Fishcakes is divided into four parts: Feasts, Desire, The Citizen, and The City. Within each part of the book, there are multiple sub-sections that go into depth about the particular section of each ‘chapter’. In Part I: Feasts, Davidson goes into some background of the ancient Greek†¦show more content†¦Personally, I think this is brilliant insight to the Athenian culture. It makes sense to watch and monitor the behaviors of the people around you because their everyday manners and behaviors are distinct indicato rs to how they live the rest of their life outside of the ‘feasts’. As Davidson explains it, â€Å"†¦ Ancient texts do more than inform us about Ancient desires. They do more than provide us with samples of the ancient discourse of desires.† The next topic that Davidson nicely delivers the reader insight to is the act of drinking. He states, â€Å"One drinks while one eats and one always eats with others; a narrow sociality oversees the pleasures of food†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I had to carefully read and re-read this paragraph to understand the brilliant meaning behind it. As I continued reading, I began to understand that the act of drinking wine has always been one to socialize. It was to strike up conversation and this quote means exactly that, with those who eat, drink, and become social. Once again, I think this a perfect quote to support Davidson’s argument because it emphasizes that drinking was a social act. This also means that anything else besides being social while drinking was a direct indicator that one might have little self-control and be a threat to the democracy. Davidson says, â€Å"... words join water in diluting the wine whose proper role is to facilitate conversation.† This is to emphasize t hat when this does notShow MoreRelatedThe Appetite Of Classical Athens1763 Words   |  8 Pagessacrifice and is a regular contributor to The London Review of Books, The Guardian, The Daily Telegraph and the Sunday Times. He has just published The Greeks and The Greeks Love for Weidenfeld and is currently working on a translation of some Attic speeches for Penguin Classics. James Davidson’s first book, Courtesans and Fishcakes: The Consuming Passion of Classical Athens was published in 1997 and will be the book we will talk about throughout this review. Davidson takes us inside the minds of classical

Strategic Management and Lululemon Competitive Environment

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management and Lululemon Competitive Environment. Answer: Introduction: Lululemon Athletica is a clothing company that does business in athletic and yoga clothes. It is situated in Vancouver, Canada and it has 211 branches in all over world. The mission statement of Lululemon is Creating components for people to live longer, healthier, fun lives. This statement reflects the commitment of Lululemon towards customer happiness. The organization culture of this company is comfortable for its employee. The vision of Lululemon is to make an environment for their customer that they love. Lululemon believes to provide good quality products and services to their customers. Company encourages their employee through providing incentive and motivation and knows the value of employee satisfaction and needs. Competitive advantage is a process or condition in which company manufactures or produces goods and services at lower rate. This condition enhances the sales of particular company or country. Lululemon Athletica provides good quality of athletic apparel at a premium price. The yoga pants of Lululemon are 3 times more expensive in comparison to its competitors. The customers of Lululemon are very loyal. The trust of customers on Lululemon brand is high and that is why the sales of company have grown since 2000.It is achallenge for the company to maintain its position in sluggish economy. Lululemon runs their business in a specialized market where company sells personalized products to a certain market. The company is successful to achieve high range of profits over the past 15 years. To amplify the participation of females in sports, Lululemon was founded by Dennis Wilson in 1989. The excellent growth of company has been seen between the years 2000 to 2007, at that time company had an IPO which helped the company to trade publically. It was able to expand its business in North America and overseas. Lululemon launched ivivva and e-commerce channel in which it provides sales structure even at high range of channel. Company had decided to target customers by keeping base to females aged between 4 to 14 years old (Campos, 2013). Lululemon operates its business in highly competitive clothing industry. Nike, Under Armour and the Gap inc. are the main competitors of Lululemon Company. These all companies are larger and strong but Lululemon Company has broader distribution channel, financial resource, product mix and high range of sales. Lululemon Company has number of competitors such as Nike, gap and Nordstrom. These companies are also working in similar industry. The companys value and reputation depends on the managing ability of Lululemon (FrynasMellahi, 2015). The company is capable to stand in the competitive environment due to its loyal customers and financial condition. However, there are so many companies that do similar business and provide clothes at lower rate but believe of customers on the brand of Lululemon is high than any other brands. The core competencies of Lululemon demonstrates the capabilities that are helpful to differentiate Lululemon from other similar industries. Product and design quality is the main core competency of Lululemon. The quality of brand enhances the recognition of brand and its prestige among customers. The quality of working style of Lululemon is that it works closer with its suppliers and due to that the chances of mistake is being reduced in the company. In case of any issues and mistake, immediately action has been taken by the company. It does not compromise with its quality. The nature of company is very attentive and allows customer to give feedback so that as per their requirement and complaint, it could change products for making their customers happy (Schermerhorn, et. al., 2014). Brand loyal customers are one of the lulelemons core competencies. Company believes to keep strong relationship with their customers. Company attains more advantage due to brand loyal customers and the cost of market share of the company is increased. High level of sales occurs in business because of strong customer relationship. Lululemon has unique company culture that attracts customers to involve in it (Boutellier, et. al., 2016). The healthconscious customers and trained employee of company observes their involvement with brand deeply owing to existing unique culture and their healthy life style. Company culture has ability to modify their customers in to loyal ones. The unique culture has been assumed as a core competency because unique things are offered by company that comes into their online shop or stores (Thomas Peters, 2015). The weaknesses of the company is its marketing, Lululemon does not do any marketing regarding their products and to get the feedback from their customers and employees (Hsu, 2013). Company need to maintain its image and it should give proper information regarding query of the customers and do work on bad feedback. The condition of the company and growth can be affected by the general economic condition of the environment. However, the product of Lululemon is discretionary but is important for Lululemon to select the target market carefully (LululemonAthletica, 2013). Company needs to forecast the trend in customer voluntary spending. Company has to face adverse financial condition if it fails to recognize the fluctuation in the customerspending. World population is increasing day by day and to take advantage of it many companies want to expand its business at higher rates. It would be profitable for Lululemon to take advantage from these markets and keep them in to consideration while making strategic planning (Roy Banerjee, 2014). Company need to analyze political segment, economic segment, socio culture segment, technological segment, legal segment and demographic segment. Lululemon is the multinational company and it has so many branches in all over the world so it is important for the company to have the knowledge regarding international law relating to the business. Manufacturing sites of company is located in South Korea, Peru, Thailand, combodia and Vietnam. Company should be aware about the laws regarding bring back earned money from abroad to Canada. (Suddath, 2013). The demographic condition will have a dominant influence on the firms strategic action. Population growth is increasing day by day. There are so many areas in the world that have high population such as china, India and United States. They are most populated country so the demand of products will be high in these countries. Lululemon needs to consider on distribution of inventory and start to evaluate population changes in terms to predict sales and growth in certain regions. Socio culture segment is one of the external factors which may influence the other external factors because it deals with the value in a particular area (Hirst, et. al., 2015). Technology is an environmental factor which may influence the firms strategic action. Technology is being considered as huge element of quality in lululemons product. Company needs to create a distinctive brand. With the help of white space Workshop Company can find the solution of some specific issues (Hill, et. al., 2014). The advantage of lululemons business strategy is product and quality development. It is the leader of athletic clothing industry. It enhances the revenue of the company. Customers of Lululemon buy sports dress for not wearing but for supporting the sports and trying to be a part of the game through wearing a outfit of sports. Plus size outfit is being offered by Lululemon and there are no recent competitors available who providing plus size outfit. The more advantage of this business level strategy is that outfit will be purchasing frequently due to weight loss by working out. The employees of the company are trained and represent company in a positive manner (Grant, 2016). The product of company is highly durable. The primary function of Lululemons including marketing and sales, supply chain management, customer relationship management and retail operations. Along with primary functions, there are supporting functions that are human resource management, strategic leadership, knowled ge information system, research and development management and finance management (Sirianni, et. al., 2013). The interaction between primary function and support function of Lululemon is a high level because the way of delivering the values of this company is different which is difficult for the competitor for reproduce. The strategy of Lululemon creates customer loyalty. The link between these functions are adding values which enhance the high range of margin for Lululemon and these activities are able to protect the company against the forces of competitors (Larcker, et. al., 2014). The bonding between the customers and company is the competitive strength for the company. With the help of knowledge based information system, Lululemon is able to know the desire of its customer and can fulfill it. The business strategy of Lululemon reduces the uncertainty in the company and increase the quality of decision making (Clifford, 2013). In spite of these advantages, there are some risks exist in the strategy of lululemons business. Customers can compare the price strategy with its competitors. The company gets affected adversely if it unable to identify the changing fashion and trends of economic and due to this the sales of lululemons get influenced hugely. Company need to focus on the demand of yoga line and take initiate step to prevent itself from threats. Another risk can be constrained resourcing capacity, enormous competition and inflationary pressure (LululemonAthletica Inc. 2014). Lululemon Company has become international company and it has so many stores in all over the world. Due to wide range of its business, company has to face so many challenges. It is required that company need to be prepared for challenges and make strategic planning so that company can prevent themselves from unwanted threats. Company has to face tough competitions because there are so many business that deals in same business. Suppliers are the main resource of the market and hold powers. Company can face the higher rate of products and low quality of materials. Substitute products can be the challenge for the company because many of the similar products are offered at various stores. Labor disputes, political controversy, trademark protection and variations in economic conditions can be the other challenges that company has to face while expanding its business. The recommendation for Lululemon is that Lululemon should appoint well known and established fashion designer for its company so that the latest design with ultimate ideas can produce within company and company can produce its own sports outfit for customers. New different designs of outfits of Lululemon can be able to attract the customers towards purchasing. It has been suggested that Lululemon need to come out from its comfort zone and enter in to new markets. For instance, Lululemon manufacture clothes especially for certain field but it can add other sports field such as golf wear, tennis clothing and casual wear as well. It would be the step to expand its business in to new fields. The company can add more designer clothes apart from yoga clothes so that women can get option of choosing. Lululemon should consider the prospective joint ventures with Adidas or Nike to manufacture a specific line of women. Production cost as well as risk cost of companies will be shared. Lululemon need to analyze the market and products should be designed as per current trends. It has been suggested that Lululemon should realize that its limited product mix only for certain area would take company at a point of saturation. The casual wear for women can help to make a sustainable business, casual clothes can attract those women who are not interested in sports and yoga but they are physically active. Lululemon is famous company and it has loyal customers so the idea of expanding the business definitely gives profit. Company can be success for not only in specific zone that is sport but also get fame in valuable womens brand. References Boutellier, R, Gassmann, O, Von Zedtwitz, M, 2013, Managing global innovation: uncovering the secrets of future competitiveness, Springer Science Business Media. Campos, A, 2013, How Selling Yoga Pants Became a Great Business, Retrieved on 5th may 2017 from: https://www.fool.com/investing/general/2013/10/08/why-selling-yoga-pants-is-a-great-busi ness.aspx. Clifford, S, 2013, Recall is expensive setback for maker of yoga pants, Retrieved on 5th may 2017 from: https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/22/business/lululemon-says-yoga-pants-mishap-will-be-c ostly.html. Frynas, J, G, Mellahi, K, 2015, Global strategic management, Oxford University Press, USA. Grant, R, M, 2016, Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition, John Wiley Sons. Hill, C. W, Jones, G. R., Schilling, M A, 2014, Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach, Cengage Learning. Hirst, P, Thompson, G, Bromley, S 2015, Globalization in question, John Wiley Sons. Hsu, T, 2013, Lululemon exec out: 'new level of uncertainty after pants fiasco, Retrieved on 5th may 2017 from: https://articles.latimes.com/2013/apr/04/business/la-fi-mo-lululemon-waterson-rbc-20130404. Larcker, D, F, Larcker, S, M, Tayan, B, 2014, Lululemon: A Sheer Debacle in Risk Management. LululemonAthleticaInc, 2014, Investment Thesis, Retrieved on 5th may 2017 from: https://uoinvestmentgroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/LULU-written-report-.pdf. LululemonAthletica, 2013, Retrieved on 5th May 2017 from: https://shop.lululemon.com/home.jsp. Roy, D, Banerjee, S, 2014, Identification and measurement of brand identity and image gap: a quantitative approach. Journal of Product Brand Management, 23(3), 207-219. Schermerhorn, J, Davidson, P, Poole, D, Woods, P, Simon, A, McBarron, E, 2014, Management: Foundations and Applications (2nd Asia-Pacific Edition), John Wiley Sons. Sirianni, N, J, Bitner, M, J, Brown, S, W, Mandel, N, 2013, Branded service encounters: Strategically aligning employee behavior with the brand positioning, Journal of Marketing, 77(6), 108-123. Suddath, C, 2013, What Lululemon's Yoga Pants Recall Reveals, Retrieved on 5th may 2017 from: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-03-28/what-lululemons-yoga-pants-recall-reveals. Thomas, J, B, Peters, C, 2015, LululemonAthletica and a Series of Bad Marketing Decisions, Journal of Critical Incidents, 8, 102.

Short Stories - Spelling And Differently Female Essays

Short Stories - "Spelling" and "Differently": Female Relationships The analysis of the two short stories "Spelling" and "Differently" written by Alice Munro deal with female relationships. These relationships paint a vivid picture of the kinship, deception, challenges, and associations that affect friends and family as they journey through life. "Spelling" is about the relationship of two women, Rose and Flo. Although from the outset the relationship between Rose and Flo is not clear, near the end the reader has no doubt they are mother and daughter. Munro illustrates the awkward relationship between a parent and a child and the sometimes difficult problems that face children as their parents age. After visiting the county home in an attempt to find a place for Flo to live, "Rose spoke of the view and the pleasant rooms. Flo looked angry; her face darkened and she stuck out her lip. Rose handed her a mobile she had bought for 50 cents in the County Home crafts centre.... Stick it up your arse, said Flo" (Oates 151). The reader sees no affection between the two. In fact, the tone of the story illustrates a lack of acceptance and even disappointment by Flo and shows that there has always been a distance between the two. The title is derived from a patient Rose met at the nursing home whose only communication was spelling words. After meeting this patient, Rose dreamed that Flo was in a cage and spelling words like the old patient she met in the nursing home. Rose tells Flo about her visit to the nursing home and is obviously trying to influence Flo into going to the home. Flo is suffering from some sort of dementia, perhaps Alzheimer's. In this story the author doesn't tell the characters ages, Rose's occupation, and other information necessary to develop a clear picture. Instead, Munro makes the reader use more of ones imagination in developing the story. Although Munro is not explicit, the story is about an unhappy relationship between a daughter and mother. In the story the narrator flashes back to a time in Rose's career when she was in a play with her breast exposed. Flo showed her displeasure by writing her a letter that said "shame" and adding that if her father was not already dead, he would wish that he was (Oates 154). Yet, the reader feels that Rose is still trying to earn her mother's respect and love. Another time, Rose invites her mother to an event where she is to accept an award for her work. Flo attends this function, although her behavior is outrageous and it appears that she is already suffering from some mental disorder. Because of her mother's dementia, Rose must realize that she will never feel the love or affection of her mother. In the end, Flo agrees to go to the nursing home. It is not until Flo is in the nursing home that you see a humorous woman, perhaps what she was in her earlier years. When Rose brings a wig that Flo used to wear, Flo makes a joke about it looking like a dead squirrel. They laugh about it and at this point you feel more of a connection between the two women than at any point in the story. An analysis of Munro's work by E.D. Blodgett tells the reader that "Her most recent work has addressed the problems of middle age, of women alone and the elderly. Characteristic of her style is the search for some revelatory gesture by which an event is illuminated and given personal significance" (Blodgett 1). In "Spelling," Munro demonstrates this revelatory gesture by the incident with the wig. Near the end of the story it is revealed that Flo has a humorous personality. Her dementia appears to leave and she is clear-headed. The irony of the story is that although Flo, who has had no relationship with her daughter Rose for most of her adult life, now needs assistance or nursing care and finds that Rose is the one who is at her side through this transition period. In the second short story "Differently" Munro is also talking about the relationship of two women, Georgia and Maya. Munro points out that these women become friends on more than one level, sharing stories, secrets, and special times together. The mood of the story changes abruptly with the introduction of an illicit love affair and the betrayal of a friend. "Differently" is an interesting story filled with descriptions that fill the reader's mind with clear and brilliant pictures of the people, places and locations throughout the story. For example, when Munro describes

Free Essays on The Democratic Primary

The Democratic Primary ABSTRACT With the election of President of the United States approaching there are many people vying for the opportunity to be on the ballot. There are nine contenders for the Democratic Party attempting to gain their parties favor for this honor. I will show the different tactics and strategies of the contenders for this primary election. They will coerce you and attempt to gain your support by every know tactic and play many psychological games with the public in order to gather support. I will break down the popular contenders and show their game plan. The Democratic Primary The election of 2004 is rapidly approaching and the Democratic Party is gathering their best for the race. There are nine candidates that are vying for the party’s endorsement. The democratic primary is going to be a hard fought battle and all the stops are being pulled in order to influence the voters. The candidates are using every trick in their arsenal to obtain votes. Each candidate with the exception of Dennis Kucinich has a campaign song. The songs are even used to sway the attitude of the voters, from Kerry’s â€Å"I Won’t Back Down† by Tom Petty to Gephardt’s â€Å"The Best† by Tina Turner. (WWW.MSNBC.COM) This campaign is coming down to a psychological battle with every candidate using all their abilities to sway the vote. John Kerry is using the fact that he was a Viet Nam veteran to his full advantage. In the Detroit debate when Lieberman questioned him about voting against the $87 billion appropriation for Iraq he answered â€Å" Well, Joe, I have seared in me an experience which you don’t have, and that’s the experience of being one of those troops on the front lines when the policy has gone wrong.† He went on to explain why his vote was a better way to protect the troops, but what made ... Free Essays on The Democratic Primary Free Essays on The Democratic Primary The Democratic Primary ABSTRACT With the election of President of the United States approaching there are many people vying for the opportunity to be on the ballot. There are nine contenders for the Democratic Party attempting to gain their parties favor for this honor. I will show the different tactics and strategies of the contenders for this primary election. They will coerce you and attempt to gain your support by every know tactic and play many psychological games with the public in order to gather support. I will break down the popular contenders and show their game plan. The Democratic Primary The election of 2004 is rapidly approaching and the Democratic Party is gathering their best for the race. There are nine candidates that are vying for the party’s endorsement. The democratic primary is going to be a hard fought battle and all the stops are being pulled in order to influence the voters. The candidates are using every trick in their arsenal to obtain votes. Each candidate with the exception of Dennis Kucinich has a campaign song. The songs are even used to sway the attitude of the voters, from Kerry’s â€Å"I Won’t Back Down† by Tom Petty to Gephardt’s â€Å"The Best† by Tina Turner. (WWW.MSNBC.COM) This campaign is coming down to a psychological battle with every candidate using all their abilities to sway the vote. John Kerry is using the fact that he was a Viet Nam veteran to his full advantage. In the Detroit debate when Lieberman questioned him about voting against the $87 billion appropriation for Iraq he answered â€Å" Well, Joe, I have seared in me an experience which you don’t have, and that’s the experience of being one of those troops on the front lines when the policy has gone wrong.† He went on to explain why his vote was a better way to protect the troops, but what made ...

Facts You Dont Know About Anne Frank and Her Diary

Facts You Don't Know About Anne Frank and Her Diary On June 12, 1941, Anne Franks 13th birthday, she received a red-and-white checkered diary as a gift. That very day, she wrote her first entry. Two years later, Anne Frank wrote her last entry, on August 1, 1944. Three days later,  Nazis  discovered the Secret Annex and all eight of its inhabitants, including Anne Frank, were sent to concentration camps. In March 1945, Anne Frank passed away from typhus. After World War II, Otto Frank was reunited with Annes diary and decided to publish it. Since then, it has become an international bestseller and an essential read for every teenager. But despite our familiarity with Anne Franks story, there are still some things you might not know about Anne Frank and her diary. Anne Frank Wrote Under a Pseudonym When Anne Frank readied her diary for eventual publication, she created pseudonyms for the people she wrote about in her diary. Although you are familiar with the pseudonyms of Albert Dussel (the real-life Freidrich Pfeffer) and Petronella van Daan (the real-life Auguste van Pels) because these pseudonyms appear in most published versions of the diary, do you know what pseudonym Anne chose for herself? Even though Anne had chosen pseudonyms for everyone hiding in the Annex, when it came time to publish the diary after the war, Otto Frank decided to keep the pseudonyms for the other four people in the Annex but to use the real names of his family. This is why we know Anne Frank by her real name rather than as Anne Aulis (her original choice of a pseudonym) or as Anne Robin (the name Anne later chose for herself). Anne chose the pseudonyms Betty Robin for Margot Frank, Frederik Robin for Otto Frank, and Nora Robin for Edith Frank. Not Every Entry Begins with "Dear Kitty" In nearly every published version of Anne Franks diary, each diary entry begins with Dear Kitty. However, this was not always true in Annes original written diary. In Annes first, red-and-white-checkered notebook, Anne sometimes wrote to other names such as Pop, Phien, Emmy, Marianne, Jetty, Loutje, Conny, and Jackie. These names appeared on entries dating from September 25, 1942, until November 13, 1942. It is believed that Anne took these names from characters found in a series of popular Dutch books written by Cissy van Marxveldt, which featured a strong-willed heroine (Joop ter Heul). Another character in these books, Kitty Francken, is believed to have been the inspiration for the Dear Kitty on most of Annes diary entries. Anne Rewrote Her Personal Diary for Publication When Anne first received the red-and-white-checkered notebook (which was an autograph album) for her 13th birthday, she immediately wanted to use it as a diary. As she wrote in her very first entry on June 12, 1942: I hope I will be able to confide everything to you, as I have never been able to confide in anyone, and I hope you will be a great source of comfort and support. From the beginning, Anne intended her diary to be written just for herself and hoped no one else was going to read it. This changed on March 28, 1944, when Anne heard a speech on the radio given by the Dutch Cabinet Minister Gerrit Bolkestein. Bolkestein stated: History cannot be written on the basis of official decisions and documents alone. If our descendants are to understand fully what we as a nation have had to endure and overcome during these years, then what we really need are ordinary documents a diary, letters from a worker in Germany, a collection of sermons given by a parson or priest. Not until we succeed in bringing together vast quantities of this simple, everyday material will the picture of our struggle for freedom be painted in its full depth and glory. Inspired to have her diary published after the war, Anne began to rewrite all of it on loose sheets of paper. In doing so, she shortened some entries while lengthening others, clarified some situations, uniformly addressed all of the entries to Kitty, and created a list of pseudonyms. Although she nearly finished this monumental task, Anne, unfortunately, didnt have time to rewrite the entire diary before her arrest on August 4, 1944. The last diary entry Anne rewrote was March 29, 1944. Anne Frank's 1943 Notebook is Missing The red-and-white-checkered autograph album has in many ways become the symbol of Annes diary. Perhaps because of this, many readers have the misconception that all of Annes diary entries lay within this single notebook. Although Anne began writing in the red-and-white-checkered notebook on June 12, 1942, she had filled it by the time she wrote her December 5, 1942, diary entry. Since Anne was a prolific writer, she had to use several notebooks to hold all of her diary entries. In addition to the red-and-white-checkered notebook, two other notebooks have been found. The first of these was an exercise book that contained Annes diary entries from December 22, 1943, to April 17, 1944. The second was another exercise book that covered from April 17, 1944, until right before her arrest. If you look carefully at the dates, you will notice that the notebook that must have contained Annes diary entries for most of 1943 is missing. Dont freak out, however, and think that you didnt notice a year-long gap in diary entries in your copy of Anne Franks Diary of a Young Girl. Since Annes rewrites for this period had been found, these were used to fill in for the lost original diary notebook. It is unclear exactly when or how this second notebook was lost. One can be reasonably certain that Anne had the notebook in hand when she created her rewrites in the summer of 1944, but we have no evidence of whether the notebook was lost before or after Annes arrest. Anne Frank Was Treated for Anxiety and Depression Those around Anne Frank saw her as a bubbly, vivacious, talkative, perky, funny girl and yet as her time in the Secret Annex lengthened; she became sullen, self-reproachful, and morose. The same girl who could write so beautifully about birthday poems, girlfriends, and royal genealogical charts, was the same one who described feelings of complete misery. On October 29, 1943, Anne wrote, Outside, you dont hear a single bird, and a deathly, oppressive silence hangs over the house and clings to me as if it were going to drag me into the deepest regions of the underworld.... I wander from room to room, climb up and down the stairs and feel like a songbird whose wings have been ripped off and who keeps hurling itself against the bars of its dark cage. Anne had become depressed. On September 16, 1943, Anne admitted that she has started taking drops of valerian for her anxiety and depression. The following month, Anne was still depressed and had lost her appetite. Anne says that her family has been plying me with dextrose, cod-liver oil, brewers yeast, and calcium. Unfortunately, the real cure for Annes depression was to be freed from her confinement - a treatment that was impossible to procure.

War Culture in Film Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

War Culture in Film - Movie Review Example The aim of the propaganda movies was to justify the decision made by the US to fight against the Axis powers. In the American cinema, war films occupy an important place because they assist people in defining not only themselves but also the rest of the world since they show American citizens as strong and high moral individuals fighting for their country. Why We Fight talks about the rise and growth of the military industrial complex of the US. The film also describes how the US was involved in World War 2 for 50 years, especially the invasion of Iraq in 2003. According to the documentary, the public of the US was misled every decade. This happened during the World War 2 period. The government did this in order to encourage more people to fight in the war. This is because their participation in the war would boost the military industrial economy, thus maintaining the US’s dominance in the world politics. Individuals who are interviewed in the documentary include writer Gore Vidal, Joseph Cirincione (a public policy expert), politician John McCain, Chalmers Johnson (a former CIA analyst and a political scientist), politician Richard Perle and William Kristol (a neoconservative commentator). The documentary tells about the stories of the war of the Vietnam veteran whose son was murdered in the attacks that occurred in 2001. As a result, the Vietnam War veteran requested the military to publish the name of the son who had died on any bomb that would be dropped in Iraq. The documentary also tells about the New Yorker who joined the US army because of poverty and being in debt. This decision was caused by the death of his mother. Again, the documentary reveals the story about Anh Duong, the military explosives scientist. He arrived in America from Vietnam as a refugee child in 1975. The film reveals that war strengthens the military industrial complex. Why We Fight tells of a father, who is still mourning after the death of his son on

Sales management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Sales management - Essay Example This is because the manager desires or wants to recruit the right people, as it is their responsibility to increase sales where they can through supporting their goods and services2. Therefore, selecting and recruiting the right person in an organization has a significant number of benefits. In order to ensure this, the sales people should be in a position to define the culture of the organization, develop detailed description of the task, establish an employment conduct contract, as well as creating screening process. Thus, through an interview, which is one of the approaches employed by managers in selecting and recruiting sales people, the manager gets prospect to have adequate background information on the preferred candidate. Interviews are vital because it leads to benefits such as, it is less expensive, it is easy to carry out, it leads to reduced turnover, and may inhibit stealing or ferocity in an organization. According to studies, even the most competent applicants require training. Nevertheless, an effective recruitment and selection procedure moderates the quantity of time the manager will have to capitalize in the new worker3. On the contrary, by selecting a person who is fits greatly for the position except that he or she lacks some of the practical abilities to perform the task, it is vital for the manager to invest in their training. This is because it will lead top great or significant outcomes in the end. It is always easy to train a person in accomplishing precise works; it is much difficult to train soft skills such as reliability and flexibility. Therefore, the process of recruitment and selecting is quite essential for any organization because it helps in reducing time and resources spend on training the new worker. Recruitment and selection leads to job gratification4. This is especially achieved by the selection of the right sales people for the job because of their capability to work independently. In most cases, workers who are not se lf-inspired or self-organized drain the team, the management, as well as the organization as a whole. In addition, in case the selected individual does not fit the vacant position, may decide to quit, forcing the manager to start again the whole procedure of recruitment and selection. This therefore implies that selecting the right candidate for the job results into greater experience of job gratification and extreme levels of inspiration within an organization. Recruitment and selection of the sales people leads to prevention of problems within an organization. As it is the rule, section process enables the manager to make decision concerning the specific skills he is pursuing in a worker5. This makes it possible for the employer to focus the interviewing and selection procedure to individuals with those abilities or skills. Accordingly, the process of recruitment and selection enables the manager to view some of the strengths his or he present employees are lacking6. This will mak e the manager chose the right candidate for the position of the sales people, thus avoiding problems that may occur because of the wrong decisions. Furthermore, problems could be avoided by giving the current workers an opportunity to recommend individuals suitable for the position. According to statistics, worker recommendations are the most prevalent and

Descartes I Think Therefor I Am Essay Example for Free

Descartes I Think Therefor I Am Essay -A statement by the seventeenth-century French philosopher Renà © Descartes I think; therefore I am was the end of the search Descartes conducted for a statement that could not be doubted. In the beginning, Descartes was in the process of figuring out his nature, using reasoning instead of experience. He had to start with a first premise which was indubitable. He found that I exist is something that is certain, and what follows must be certain as well. In the meditators search for certainty, he had to discard anything that was false or even open to the slightest doubt. He had to tear away all that was previously known to him, and with a new, stronger foundation, start anew. Descartes had conceded that he has no senses and no body. He also noted that the physical world does not exist, which might also seem to imply his nonexistence. Yet, to have these doubts, he must exist. He found that he could not doubt that he himself existed, as he was the one doing the doubting in the first place. For an evil demon to mislead him in all these insidious ways, he must exist in order to be misled. There must be an I that can doubt, be deceived, and so on. He then formulates the famous cogito argument, saying that he concludes the proposition I am, I exist is necessarily true whenever it is put forward by me or conceived in my mind. He then questions what the I that exists is. He first thought that he had a soul, by means of which he was nourished, moved, could sense and think; and also that he had a body. All these attributes can be doubted, except the fact that he thinks. He can exist if any of the other attributes are not there, but cannot exist if he does not think. Further, he states that he exists as long as he is thinking. The meditator then concludes that in the strict sense, he is only a thing that thinks. In this statement, the Meditator finds his first grip on certainty after the radical skepticism he posited in the first meditation.

Teaching Philosophy Statement :: Education Teachers Classroom Essays

Teaching Philosophy Statement There are people in our lives who help shape and mold us to be a unique individual. These people help define who we are and sculpture us in becoming what we want to be. They inspire us to give all we have, and tell us not only to reach for the stars but the moon its self. These people are teachers. As early as grade school there have been teachers that have had positive concerns in my academic learning, and it had an influential effect on me creating a desire to do the same for others. They showed me what it’s like to care, give confidence and support to a student. My 7th grade Social Studies teacher made her classroom feel like time suspended and you were on another planet. She was so knowledgeable and excited about our lesson topics that it motivated me to excel in her class and she gave me a zeal for learning. Teaching is a dream and goal of mine. I want to be helpful in a child’s discovery that learning is power. I want to be a positive influence and an upstanding role model for my students. There are numerous reasons why I want a career as a teacher. The main reasons are: to help a child achieve their full potential, to give support that will strengthen a child’s confidence, and inspire them to fulfill their dreams that help them become productive citizens of society. A teacher can help shape a child's future with praise, challenge, guidance, encouragement, confidence, a smile, and an opportunity to learn and have a positive outlook on life. There is no greater reward than seeing a child's face light up when they realize that they have mastered a task by themselves. When a child feels the full potential they possess within themselves their confidence builds. They are able to see how the future can be if they apply their mind to any task. It’s an honor to help a child mold its future and for me there is no greater goal than being a teacher. I know that from my education classes I can learn from the great thinkers of the past.

Marketing Excellence- Nike Essay

MARKETING EXCELLENCE- NIKE The case explains how Nike successfully marketed it products by getting it endorsed through top athletes, who influence the buying decision of brands and products of others and created its brand image by associating the products with their persona. By signing the Michael Jordan and relating it air Jordan shoes to his superior performance ,it generated great revenues in a year alone, and its â€Å"just do it† ad campaign manifested brand’s attitude of self-empowerment through sports. Nike customized its marketing strategy depending upon the market as it did at the time of expansion to Europe by focussing on soccer rather than the aggressive US style ads and sponsored local club, and fortunately the Brazilian team for world cup in 1994 which they won an authenticated Nike’s image into brand representing emotion allegiance and identification due to which over next decade overseas revenue for the first time passed US revenues. It diversified the product line by acquiring a British soccer related by acquiring British company manufacturing. Soccer related footwear apparel and equipment becomes sole supplier of uniforms to professional soccer teams. At the time of Beijing Olympics, although Adidas was official sponsor, received special permission for featuring Olympic athletes in its ads and sponsored several teams and athletes that resulted into 15% higher sales in Asian region. For expansion of its product line of tennis clothing and Nike’s gold brand it signed top tennis players and Tiger Woods relatively who changed the way professional golfers get dressed. Nike showed social responsibility by helping Lance Armstrong’s campaign and spread Armstrong message of survival and will power world -wide. The recent innovation by introducing technology in shoes by entering partnership with apple is Nike+ and marketed it by hosting largest and only global virtual race. With such an effective marketing strategies Nike today enjoys 31 % market share globally and 50% in US and is the top athletic apparel and footwear manufacture in the world. MARKETING MYOPIA The case argues about how marketing myopia resulted in decline and it is still affecting the growth industries. Basically Marketing myopia is  short-sightedness in vision of the firm for achieving higher revenues by concentrating on product upgradation and neglecting customer needs and ways to satisfy them with organizations offerings through the products and services. The industries assumed themselves to be riding some automatic growth escalator and descend themselves into stagnation. The four conditions that make industries to have such assumptions are : 1) The belief that growth is assured by expanding and more affluent population. 2) The belief that there is no competitive substitute for the industry’s major products. 3) Too much faith in mass production and in the advantage of rapidly declining unit costs as output rises. 4) Preoccupation with a product that lends itself to carefully controlled scientific experimentation, improvement and manufacturing cost reduction. The railroads are in trouble for they assumed themselves to be in railroads business rather than in transportation business that stopped growth. They don’t lack opportunity but some of managerial imaginativeness and audacity that made car trucks or airplanes have. Aluminium industry has still continued to be growth industries due to efforts made for creating new customer satisfying uses. By Kaiser Aluminium and Chemical Corporation and Reynolds metals company. The Dry Cleaning, electrical utilities, grocery store led to their destruction by not responding to customer’s demands. Even the petroleum industry is very much persuaded that there is no competitive substitute for their major product gasoline. None of them are enthusiastically researching fuel cells, batteries, solar power plants which are getting increasing attention and are neglecting continuous customer needs. These industries try to discover more convincing advertising themes, more effective sales promotional drives, what the market shares of the various companies are, what people like or dislike about service station dealers and oil companies and so forth. Nobody seems as interested in probing deeply into the basic human needs that the industry might be trying to satisfy as in probing into the basic properties of the raw material that the companies work with in trying to deliver customer satisfactions.

Language is not only the problem faced by International students in the UK

In recent years, coming to the UK have became a attractive option for students who want to get further education with the higher quality. Because the UK is famous by its impressed education in the history. However, the increasing number of international students does not mean it is undemanding to study in the UK without facing any difficulty or it is much easier than before as a oversea student. In fact, there are numerous problems they have to solve for a meaningful oversea study experience.When referring to this topic, language has always been mentioned as an unavoidable issue for these students who are far away from their motherland. But language is not the only problem faced by international students in the UK. There are many difficulties such as differences in learning and homesickness. Language can be the main problem for all the international students even if the student is a native speaker of English, such as Americans, Australians and Indians.The reason is that students who come from an English-speaking country can be proficient in daily English, but it does not mean that they can skip this obstacle. For example, although most of the students have to get a high enough score in TOEFL or IELTS for being accepted by the school they want, they may still be unfamiliar with some terms for the subject they studied (Bamford, 2008). In other words, the ability of using English can be a barrier that every international student has to overcome. Otherwise, they would be trapped in their little safe zone and ended up as a person without sufficient confidence.So language can be the main problem for international students in the UK, but precisely it is definitely not the only issue. Because obviously, it is impossible to be a good international student by such a easy way. Differences in learning will also make oversea students feel confused at the beginning of their British life. As reported by David, Brian, Anne, Claire and Sinead (2006), in some cultures it is depr ecated to raise doubts about what the teachers said, which is totally different from the academic culture in the UK.For students who have got accustomed to this way of learning, critical thinking, which plays an important role in school life in the UK, can be difficult to adapt to the new study atmosphere and it needs time to get used to it. Differences between academic cultures are inevitably driving some international students into corner. Similarly, they must force themselves to make appropriate adjustments which is required for their study in the UK, or they would be stuck in a dilemma.Learning how to behave properly in a completely different environment of study can be a serious challenge for those students who get used to keep silence and take notes without thinking of its value. Homesickness is another conspicuous problem which make international students feel troubled. The main features of homesickness can be defined as the surrounding images about home in their minds, an in tense desire to go home, a sad emotion because missing home(Adrian, 1997).For most of oversea students, it is their first time to live further from home for perhaps thousands-miles away. In other words, it is reasonable that they would feel lonely without their family especially when some bad issues happened in their homeland. If these students can not get rid of homesickness, their whole life would be exposed in danger. Similarly, students who soak themselves in the bad mood of homesickness were likely to lose their faith in life and stayed unmotivated.As the result, they would be failed in their study and also make their family and friends down, which is the last achievement they want to reach in the world. In conclusion, international students in the UK have to face many problems, including but not limited to language. Besides language, difficulties in learning and homesickness also can not be ignored. There are still many problems which did not be mentioned in this essay. So it can be hard to deal with so many problems for international students in the UK. But it is also a unique opportunity for them to upgrade themselves.

The Strategic Management of IKEA for Furniture Company in UAE or Gulf Corporate Countries

The Strategic Management of IKEA for Furniture Company in UAE or Gulf Corporate Countries Executive Summary IKEA aspires to provide quality products and services to its global clients. To realize this vision, IKEA offers various properly designed and serviceable house-furnishings at very low prices in Dubai, Kuwait, Abu Dhabi, Saudi Arabia, and other global markets.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Strategic Management of IKEA for Furniture Company in UAE or Gulf Corporate Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, since its inauguration in the fiscal 1943, IKEA has globalized its operations and businesses. However, globalization presents various threats and opportunities to IKEA while exposing its strengths and weaknesses to market competitors. The weaknesses and strengths have been analyzed through Value Chain Analysis, VRIN, PESTL, and Porters Five Forces frameworks. In fact, the internal and external environment where IKEA operates have been analyzed using these analytical tools and recommend ations have been provided. Introduction IKEA International is a global corporation that offers home accessories to all global clients. Being headquartered in Sweden, IKEA provides quality furnishings in the Europe, Africa, and Middle East markets. The company has recently set its presence in Gulf Corporate Countries such as Omar, Qatar, and Kuwait. In fact, in the United Arabs Emirates and GCC, IKEA is acknowledged for the provision of quality furnishings that cannot be assembled easily, but can be transported without problems. In fact, IKEA furnishings are evident in the City Festivals and residential places. Despite being globally recognized, Dubai constructed its first IKEA store in the fiscal 1995. However, the largest IKEA store was opened in the year 2005 in the Dubai Festival City. In the year 2011, Abu Dhabi launched the largest IKEA International store in the Island of Yas. Besides, IKEA has one store in Kuwait as well as two other stores in Saudi Arabia (Daft Vershinina, 2010). The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current business and operations of IKEA, external and internal analysis, the competitiveness of IKEA, as well as the strategies and challenges faced by IKEA. Analytical tools such as Value Chain Analysis, VRIN, PEST, and Porters Five Forces are used in the analysis of IKEA’s business and market operations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Current Operations and Businesses of IKEA IKEA was first inaugurated in the fiscal 1943 in Sweden. In the 1980s, IKEA began to expand its business operations to the United States, UAE, GCC, and other parts of the European markets. These markets attracted the company due to several reasons: (1) the regions had very large customer base, (2) the local residents who had travelled considered themselves risk-takers, (3) the market was fragmented and (4) the potential customers could be identified with regions. The success of IKEA business relied on the sensitivity of the people to the product attributes regardless of the origin. If people regarded local products more than foreign products, then IKEA business would probably have been in danger (OBG, 2012). IKEA entry into the United States, UAE, and GCC markets was focused on the consumers the company perceived to be the potential customers. The firm opened its first US store along the coastline while the Dubai and Abu Dhabi stores were opened in the Dubai Festival City and Marina Mall. While going global, IKEA believed that people living along the coast and Islands were exposed to foreign products (Gillespie, Jeannet Hennessey, 2010). The reason to focus on the travelling consumers was that the company was determined to sell products with European standards. The success of such products would be uncertain in areas where consumers have no foreign experience. The success of this entry mode in the UAE, GCC , and Europe was to form the basis for establishment before expanding the business operations elsewhere. The entry mode adopted by IKEA when expanding to the European, UAE, and GCC markets occurred in form of a market-seeking investment undertaken to exploit new markets. The Swedish, GCC, and UAE markets are saturated and the markets can only offer limited growth opportunities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Strategic Management of IKEA for Furniture Company in UAE or Gulf Corporate Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company was motivated to this investment by the constant market growth and large market sizes of Europe, UAE, GCC, and IKEA aimed to serve the larger markets. According to Uppsala theory, after understanding the local market the company could move to the nearest market (Switzerland), then to Germany, UAE, GCC, and so on. In the Dubai and European markets, IKEA was met with great success after focusing on providing the cheapest solutions to gain competitive advantage (Walker Butler, 2010). However, the success in the European and UAE markets was not a straightforward endeavor given that established firms that had huge capitals pursued foreign investments. Although IKEA had made a good fortune in the Sweden market, moving capital from the country was a challenge. The capital controls in Sweden prohibited investing abroad with home gained capital. The UAE nevertheless, offered a favorable environment for the company to invest its capital. IKEA had to make quick profits and get a positive cash flow by adopting the foreign investments strategies. The European business was reorganized, and tighter controls were introduced. The company changed from offering European styled products to the American styled ones in the UAE, and GCC markets (OBG, 2010). IKEA Value Chain Analysis Primary Activities Inbound logistics In the UAE and GCC, IKEA has established a wide base of pro ducers and supplies responsible for manufacturing and supply of furniture parts. The extensive array of Middle East regional warehouses is integrated with an efficient management of inventory driven by the need to ensure that the right parts go to the right customer at the right time.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Storing the furniture components as a single package is a cost saving approach, as the stores need not to be as big as they might be expected for a furniture company (Gillespie, Jeannet Hennessey, 2010). Operations IKEA has continued to expand and increase its customers across all market segments including the UAE and GCC. Isaksson and Suljanovic (2006) observe that IKEA is the only firm in the UAE and GCC furniture industries that has managed to attract customers across the world without changing the original concept of management. This has been achieved through the development of unique product designs based on sacred dedication. Other operations include market and product research, which add to the competitive strength of the business. Outbound Logistics In an industry that is considered local by many people, IKEA has become global because of its comprehensive distribution network. The firm now delivers low cost, but quality furniture to major markets such as Europe, Africa, UAE , America, GCC, and Australia. Indeed, it is the only distributor in the industry to have established on a global scale. It has stores spread in Europe, North America, Asia, and recently established operation in the UAE and GCC. The low cost of distribution in the UAE and GCC is enabled through the innovative way of dealing with the logistic sourcing and retailing whereby the products are knocked down and shipped in flat boxes (Gillespie, Jeannet Hennessey, 2010), involving consumers in value addition by transporting, and assembling the furniture by themselves. Marketing and Sales IKEA marketing in Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi is accomplished through the renowned IKEA catalogue, which has existed for years. This marketing tool is the cornerstone in the firm’s concept and is distributed free of charge to the households within the stores’ principal market areas. The sales returns generated by IKEA increase because of the numerous customers who visit Marina Mall and Dubai Festival City stores. Every year, the company experiences an increase in the number of visitors due to the new products advertised though the catalogues. No other forces drive sales in IKEA much like the catalogue, which is reinforced by the homely environment of the stores. Services The great success of IKEA has been enabled through the homely services offered in the Dubai, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Abu Dhabi stores. The stores have been likened to IKEA homes where a customer can get any household services including dining, children playing zones and instructions on how to assemble products on their own. This kind of high-level service maintains the attractiveness to and competitive advantage of the firm. IKEA External Analysis Using PESTEL Political The UAE and GCC environment where IKEA operates is politically polarized. Minimum wage policies are strictly observed to avoid infringing labor rights. However, in most nations including UK, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and U S, the political parties ensure the business environment is stable. Foreign business policies are accommodative to all multinational corporations. For instance, the taxation policies allow foreign corporations such as IKEA to join the UAE, European, and GCC markets (SandÄ ±kcÄ ± Rice, 2011) Economical The prices charged by IKEA on its products and services are reasonable to the consumers in the UAE and GCC markets even during the economic slump. Given that most IKEA products are locally produced in Asian countries, it is advantageous for IKEA to operate in regions like Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and GCC. IKEA has the advantage to capture and grow in various Asian, Middle East, and European markets because the national incomes are high while the rates of inflation are low. Consumers are encouraged to purchase products since interest rates are low and the currencies are strong (OBG, 2008). Social In its global business operations, IKEA has upheld a just societal status. IKEA has improved it s stores in all countries such as Dubai, Kuwait, Qatar, and Abu Dhabi to suit the citizens’ lifestyles. For instance, customers can do shopping anytime because IKEA offers flexible and odd working hours (OBG, 2008). There are playing grounds for kids and restaurants for parents accompanying the kids. Technological In the UAE and GCC countries, IKEA has been able to endorse or market its services and products easily via the internet. The products dimension and detailed info are available online, and this allows clients from these regions to make purchases. IKEA also derives its strength through the online catalogue services. IKEA initially wanted clients to go to the Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi stores to pick up their products, but technology has now enabled the company to use computer operated lifts to deliver products to the clients (SandÄ ±kcÄ ± Rice, 2011). Analysis of the Competitive Position of IKEA Using Porter’s Five Forces The IKEA’s Co mpetitors There is extreme competition amongst the existing corporations in the international markets like the UAE and Abu Dhabi. For instance, in Dubai and Abu Dhabi, the company functions in a very competitive business environment typified by other economical furniture manufacturers. B esides, these producers are kin-run dealings that generate low overheads well known by focusing on expensive designs. Conversely, these expensive and focused designs translate to small-scale fabrication to suit the local UAE and GCC souks (OBG, 2012). The established experiences offer dissimilar opinions on product location and contributions according to inside accounts. To compete successfully, some large vendors like Furniture mall, Courts, and Nova generate inexpensive products to benefit from the economies of scale. Thus, IKEA appears to face stiff rivalry along with opponents from countries like Dubai, Kuwait, and Abu Dhabi. Furthermore, IKEA currently faces little pressure from fresh market en trants while the emergence of novel market competitors is also negligible (OBG, 2010). The Bargaining Power of Suppliers and Buyers As the local and universal furniture dealer, IKEA presents substitutable and broad choices of products and services to the UAE and GCC consumers owing to the level of competition. Thus, corporation offers strong bargaining power for the customers. The consumers pose a plausible threat of backward incorporation to the traders. However, retailers look for diverse means of improving performance in order to participate efficiently and generate profits. This can be realized through implementing deliberate work and business schemes based on the creation of market associations. The motivation aspires to construct enduring consumer affiliation and dealers devotion. Hence, this informs IKEA’s assimilation practice strategy amid consumers, retailers, and suppliers (OBG, 2010). IKEA seeks to enhance the reliability of the UAE and GCC customers in relation t o the purchasers’ power in the business. It focuses on improving the existing consumer association by scheming on how to win and secure the new-fangled customers to an enduring rapport with the corporation (OBG, 2008). The provision of excellent customer services with optimistic shopping knowledge is important. IKEA’s Threat of Substitutes The problem of searching for additional replaceable products that can do the same function requires an alternate product. However, there are hardly any replacements of furnishings for the other products in the UAE and GCC. With technical advancements, a significant part of the people, the account of organization supplying merchandise, and the mode of supplying services and products are extremely substitutable. It is realistic for the shopping judgment placed against the garments since Dubai, Kuwait, Oman, and Abu Dhabi customers would make an effort to appraise if the furniture is fit (OBG, 2012). To evaluate the aptness of purchasin g manufactured goods, it is important for the computer imaging to forget the establishment of rooms. Nonetheless, such substitutes stay put, as components of the company’s competitive advantage and online business remains underutilized. The Corporation Prospective Entrants In the provision of departmental stores, there are numerous furniture traders such as Courts and Nova as well as high-end vendor like Lorenzo in the GCC and UAE markets. In fact, a higher degree of opposition results from the diminishing levels of customers’ trustworthiness. This industry is experiencing threats from the innovative competitor entering into the big business. There is an obligation for renting store space since capital investment necessary for furnishings could be high. Hence, the competitors must source the designs and build the factories. In addition, before the market entrants could produce low cost products to rival the entrenched firms, they must capture a dominant market share (O BG, 2008). IKEA Internal VRIN Framework Analysis Valuable The strength of IKEA at present originates from unique sourcing, tightly controlled logistics, and unique design capabilities. Therefore, the firm offers products that are unique enough to give market recognition, reduce inventory, and secure sourcing for long runs. This strength has ensured that the firm leads in the industry and steadily increases the market share countries such as Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Oman, and Europe. Rare Throughout history, IKEA has been able to produce new designs and offer products next door from the Dubai and Abu Dhabi stores. IKEA is the only industry player that has been able to offer a variety of designs to the wide customer base found in the UAE and GCC nations (Isaksson Suljanovic, 2006). Inimitable As the activities of the value chain suggest, IKEA has a strong relationship with their UAE and GCC customers starting from the products offered to the services given. Many of the competitors found in the UAE and GCC markets lag behind in terms of customer loyalty and the locals only know a few that surface. IKEA enjoys global recognition in Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi due to its ability to offer the typical Swedish furniture taste, yet with a sense of the differing consumer needs (Walker Butler, 2010). Non-Substitutable The iconic aspect of self-assembly emphasized in IKEA is more of an imagination. The developments that have led to this achievement have taken years and whole commitment of the firm leaders. Even if, other competitors found in the UAE and GCC markets tried to imitate such an approach, they will not only invest costly in building trust with producers, but must do better than IKEA to dissolve the recognition the company has gained (Daft Vershinina, 2010). Major Strategic Issues and Challenges IKEA Should Address IKEA has various options to make sure it improves its performances in the depressing economic setting founded on environmental dynamism an d the state of the industry. The company can focus on the business operations to boost its UAE and GCC market dominance. To accommodate average regulars with minimal wages and discretionary expenditure powers, it may manufacture low priced designs. The company could invest in the research and development to fund its expenses and improve on the status of its product designs. Through employing products promotion strategies, IKEA could widen its sales and become the market leader in the UAE and GCC nations (OBG, 2008). Its present promotional campaigns are based on cultural awareness and exclusive marketing situations for every nation and globally differ across marketplaces (OBG, 2008). To convey the alternative and innovative television spots across the world, IKEA has worked with diverse advertising bureaus for more than a year. Hence, IKEA gives the UAE, Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi marketing agencies the liberty to discover some of the uncharted and fascinating ideas that generate additional attraction. Furthermore, the corporation has a stockpile that attracts additional clientele to the Dubai and Abu Dhabi IKEA stores. In Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi, the IKEA stores appear positioned and arranged in a way that one cannot leave without seeing all the available products or furniture. This strategy lures the Middle East customers to buy IKEA products. IKEA takes advantage of this in getting new personnel to help customers walk through the shop and see the commodities they need (SandÄ ±kcÄ ± Rice, 2011). The system enables the clientele to buy more furniture than what they planned to purchase. Further, the company profits from the healthy firm-supplier association and its economies of scale. The company might surpass the long-term agreements for the low cost supplies from the clientele by providing leased technological support and equipment. It should uphold brand positioning by offering low priced and quality products while pres erving the value image in the UAE, Kuwait, Abu Dhabi, and Saudi Arabia markets (OBG, 2008). The existence of differentiated merchandises in the value added phase permits IKEA to offer options for preference, transfer, and transportation of furniture. This should be the strategy in the Middle East operation, and should IKEA fail to obtain the goodwill, it may incorporate the service costs into the price of manufactured supplies. Recommendations IKEA is cautious about the societal and cultural aspects of the UAE and GCC where it operates. IKEA should provide a commission on its products and services and allow every department to make its own management decisions. In the Dubai and Abu Dhabi markets where IKEA currently functions, such preparations will ensure that assorted units can respond promptly to any state of crisis. Conversely, by focusing on the superiority and low manufactured goods overheads, IKEA should pursue the principle of reaching out to the costs conscious customers. T his can be realized via putting extra energy on its business operations and sourcing the supply chain resources to minimize the operation costs. Hence, IKEA International in Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Oman should reduce the resource leasing to lower the operating fixed costs. This can be realized through choosing a shopping quarter in the suburban areas in the UAE and GCC while evaluating the existing guidelines. While operating in the UAE and GCC markets, IKEA should provide excellence services during sales periods and over the weekends when the clients overwhelm personnel in service. For the UAE and GCC to sanction the employees to supply more than one category of manufactured goods, they must cross-train their workforces in diverse fields. IKEA should let the deployment of workforce from other sections when a given sector faces many enquiries from the clientele. To fill up the vacant positions over the weekends, the corporation must hire more part time workers from the GCC and UAE pop ulace and train them appropriately. Thus, the usage customers’ discontent over quality services and the surge in customer enquiries over the weekend would be dealt with through this implementation. IKEA found in the UAE and GCC must also influence the clients to shop online so that it can take advantage of the accessible information technology. In fact, this can reduce the weekend tension on the available human resources. Above all, the corporation must dispose the delivery free of charge strategy to attract more clients on online shopping since its catalogue is wide-ranging and the customers should access it effortlessly. Conclusion IKEA has grown-up into a multi-million corporation from the fully-fledged family business since the year 1943. The corporation will breed new business sections and sustain the present marketplace strategy of low priced quality merchandise as it progresses into the next years. To nurture its UAE and GCC businesses, it will make sure that there is recurrent upgrading of consumer services to make them remain its business contents whilst using technical internet shopping. It has a strong prospective of increasing its business operations in UAE and other GCC markets through limiting its expenses and improving the market share. This is enhanced through its established background and the influence it has in the industry. References Daft, K Vershinina, N 2010, Management-international edition, Cengage Learning EMEA, Andover, Hampshire. Gillespie, K, Jeannet, J Hennessey, D 2010, Global marketing, Cengage Learning, Florence, KY. Isaksson, R Suljanovic, M 2006, The IKEA experience. Web. OBG 2008, The report: Kuwait 2008, Oxford Business Group, Gabon. OBG 2010, The report: Oman 2010, Oxford Business Group, Gabon. OBG 2012, The report: Qatar 2010, Oxford Business Group, Gabon. SandÄ ±kcÄ ±, O Rice, G 2011, Handbook of Islamic marketing, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham United Kingdom. Walker, J Butler, S 2010, Oman, UAE Arab ian peninsula 3, Lonely Planet Publishers, Gurgaon, India. Zentes, J, Morschett, D, Schramm-Klein, H 2011, Strategic retail management: text and international cases, Springer Publishers, New York City.

Use Spanish Words for Pets to Become Fluent

Use Spanish Words for Pets to Become Fluent If you are looking for someone to talk in  Spanish with, how about talking directly to your pet? Learning Spanish can be easy with ongoing practice - even with your pet dog or cat. There are benefits of talking to an animal over a human. You will not get any nasty corrections, and you will  get a chance to practice talking without any interruptions. Plus, even when you make a mistake, your  pet will still be there unconditionally throughout your Spanish-language learning journey. Learn how to say phrases referring to pets in Spanish. Phrases Referring to Pets in Spanish Note that a pet in Spanish can be referred to as una mascota,  the same word used for a mascot, such as an animal symbolizing a team. The term un  animal domà ©stico  and the adjective domà ©stico can also be used to mean pet as an adjective, as in un perro domà ©stico, a pet dog. Additionally, the phrase  un animal de compaà ±Ãƒ ­a  and the phrase de compaà ±Ãƒ ­a can be appended to an animals name to indicate it is a pet. Remember that most of the time the genders given below for animals remain the same, whether the particular animal is male or female. Canary: el canarioCat: el gatoPopular cat types include:el bobtailel gato de pelo largo (long-hair)el gato persa (Persian)el gato de pelo corto (short-hair)el gato siamà ©s (Siamese)Chinchilla: la chinchillaCockatoo: la cacatà ºaDog: el perroPopular dog breeds include:el dogo argentino  (Argentine dog)el terrierel perro San Bernardo (St. Bernard)el caniche (poodle)el xoloitzcuintle (Mexican hairless)el mastà ­n (mastiff)el perro esquimal (husky)el gran danà ©s (great Dane)el galgo/la galga (greyhound)el dlmata (Dalmatian)el perro salchicha (dachshund)el collieel bulldogel bà ³xer (boxer)el sabueso (bloodhound or beagle)el basset (basset hound)un chucho  is a muttFish: el pez. A tropical fish is un pez tropicalFrog: la ranaGerbil: el jerbo, el gerboGuinea pig: la cobayaHamster: el hmster (usually pronounced as jmster; plural can include either versions  hmsters or hmsteres)Horse: el caballoIguana: la iguanaLizard: el lagarto, la lagartijaMouse: el ratà ³nParakeet: el peric oParrot: el papagayo, el loro ï » ¿Rabbit: el conejoRat: la rataSalamander: la salamandraSnake: la serpienteSpider: la araà ±aTortoise, Turtle: la tortuga Talk to Your Pet in Spanish After discovering what to call your pet in Spanish, you can progress to learning the  animal sounds  your pets might make, just in case they do make some noises or otherwise talk back to you while you are speaking to them in Spanish.

The Graduate Degree Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Graduate Degree Plan - Essay Example sh self-worth, and form basic moral values, it is quite essential that each child is well nurtured in all aspects of life, receiving ample nourishment, and proper discipline I have loved working with little children since I was their age myself and there are several notable traits that kids exhibit during early childhood formation. In my own observation, they are generally capable at adapting to environmental influences which are a huge contributing factor to the way they perceive both concrete and abstract matter as well as the behavior these young individuals carry out in response. It is particularly interesting to find out that majority of them, when adequately facilitated, can broadly execute around indispensable attributes as confidence, reliability, resourcefulness, intelligence, creativity, and friendliness or sociability. I find it further stimulating to see them vigorously go after a primary talent or inclination, and show ease of feeling affection or compassion by nature. To help impart my personal specialization in this endeavor, hence, I have decided to acquire admission to a graduate degree program that would serve my profound need of learning how to improve on handling children under such cognitive stage of development. Equivalently, this is to anticipate taking up major courses concerned with guiding a childs insights toward physical, mental, emotional, as well as social progress. Fervently believing that the present little ones would be the futures absolute hope, I would in every inch make it a point to foster for them an atmosphere in which they would enjoy learning to the full measure as they possess complete freedom to express themselves competitively yet interdependently within a global

Media ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Media ethics - Essay Example Danger in so many ways is and continues to be one of the hazards of the trade. The advent of technology has brought forth a new media that allows for and searches for a new definition of press freedom. In this new avenue, censorship is becoming a mere obstacle that can be hurdled. This is not to say that oppressive governments cannot find their way into the loop but admit it or not, it has opened up a number of possibilities that allows for creativity. In the same way that administrations found alternative ways to deal with the issue and avert from the muckraking that is ruinous to them. The Asian region remains the front line in terms of censorship. The communist nations of China and Vietnam records the most number of jailed web radicals to date. The issue of censorship will never seem to elude the continent as oppressive governments are persistent upon their unruly implementation or lack thereof of press freedom. The World Wide Web has turned into a battlefield where journalists, guised in anonymity, can express themselves and expose subsequent governments. But in a number of times, this is not without its undue consequences entailed (Kushner, par. 1-2). The current trend, as Adam B. Kushner of Newsweek said is that, â€Å"governments dont just censor, they scare.† With the 210 million users of Internet in China, the government has long realized that it will be impossible to police all of them, and so in a last ditch effort for control, text messages have circulated that aims to jolt fear in common and oftentimes apolitical masses. This is a type of surveillance wherein authorities make it seem they are scattered all over to prevent and taunt those who desire to search for materials online. On a regular basis, China denies access to 19,000 websites that are considered threatening by the Chinese government according to a study conducted by the Harvard Law School. The study found out that the capital, Beijing, blocks

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 12

Case study - Essay Example One thing which is common among them is that they all love their jobs, even if they are apparently difficult to others. All the job profiles mentioned in the examples are apparently tough and hectic, which provides challenging situations and huge work load. They also demands extensive attention and time devotion to an employee’s work life. In general, most of the employees would face exhaustion and burn out while working in this schedule (Burke & MacDermid, 1999), but these individuals mentioned in the examples, are driven by challenge and they are motivated by high target fulfilment. All of them work in respectable and well renowned companies and in reputable positions. Although, they have very little time for personal life, and their work-life balance is reduced to a minimum, they enjoy their work life more than their personal life. These individuals are all self-motivated; they are driven by tough challenges and high achievement of success. According to Douglas, and Morris (2006), most workaholic people work for personal desire, they are rarely driven by the future outcome, rather what push es them is the need to complete their task and reach their goal. They all push themselves out of their comfort zone, to achieve what most of the people cannot. Some of the jobs allow the employees to travel all around the world, which is preferred by a workaholic employee, but is seen as a hectic scheduled job by an average one. According to Koà §oglu, Gà ¼rkan, and Aktas (2014) challenging workload is one of the factors of job satisfaction. Workload can be overwhelming to employees if it exceeds the employees’ working ability. Eventually, it causes job dissatisfaction and psychological withdrawal from the job. On the other hand, too little work load can cause job dissatisfaction too, because the employee eventually feels frustrated and their morale goes down (Koà §oglu,

The Dc Motor Speed Control Methods Engineering Essay

The Dc Motor Speed Control Methods Engineering Essay ABSTRACT This paper describes the Matlab and simulink converts into actuality of the DC motor speed control methods, namely field resistance, armature resistance control methods and armature voltage, and feedback control system for DC motor drives and this paper describes mathematical modelling, simulation of DC motor system using computer simulations Matlab and simulink, by this system response to change various parameters like system stability, disturbances, analysis and optimization of model parameters with respect to the quality of control. If simulation techniques are used for determining the control parameters a simulation model is necessary, which has to be constructed from the analytical model. INTRODUCTION DC Motor is an electrical motor and it most commonly used in an electrical device for easy to drive the instruments, steel rolling mills, electric cranes, and robotic manipulators due to precise, wide, simple, and continuous control characteristics. To control the speed of low power DC Motor rheostatic armature control method were used. The basic parts of the DC motor are- axle, rotor (armature), stator, commutator, field magnet, and brushes. In the geometry of brushes, commutator contacts, and rotor windings are arranged in such a manner so that when power is applied then polarities of the energized winding and the stator magnets are misaligned and the rotor will start to rotate until it is almost aligned with the stators field magnets. When the rotor reaches to alignment, the brushes move to next commutator contacts, and energize the next winding. There are variable types of DC Motor available in market with the good and bad qualities. Bad quality means lag in efficiency. To recover or stop this kind efficiency problem controller is introduce in the system. Brushed DC motors are most widely used in applications and its ranging from toys to push-button adjustable car seats. Brushed DC (BDC) motors are inexpensive but easy to drive. Brushed DC motors are easily available in all size and shape with the wide range from large-scale industrial models to small motors for light applications (such as 12 V DC motors). . BDC motors are most commonly used in easy to drive, with variable speed and high start-up torque applications. OBJECTIVE The Fig.1 shows the analogues electrical circuit. MODELLING The circuit which was given is drawn in the Matlab by using simulink. In the circuit diagram the flow of current BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure shows the block diagram of DC motor TRANSFER FUNCTION K/{(Ls+R)(Js+f)+K2}  Ã‚ ± 1/s Vapp Fig 4.1. Transfer Function STATE SPACE MODEL As we know that, V- .†¦. (1) †¦.. (2) Substituting equation (2) in (1) †¦. (3) .†¦ (4) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. (5) Substituting (5) in (4) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (6) Differentiating (6), we get †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (7) Putting (3) in (7), we get †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (8) Now †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (9) Substituting (9) in (8), we get We know that x=Ax + Bu Y=Cx + Du X= The State Space Model represents by the linear equation and it is written as. x= Ax + Bu y = Cx + Du Below figure shows the state space model (Calculation is in appendix) Figure 5.1 State Space Model PHYSICAL SYSTEM Consider a DC Motor, in this electrical circuit of the armature and free body diagram of rotor are shown in figure below. http://zone.ni.com/cms/images/devzone/tut/mpm-2-motor1.gif Fixture: DC Motor is a common actuator in control systems. Brushed DC Motor fundamentals A Brushed DC Motor consists of stationary fixed permanent magnets i.e. stator, a rotating electromagnetic i.e. rotor and flux, which is concentrated by metal. Rotor rotate by the attraction of the opposite poles and repulsion of the like poles, it cause to generate torque and torque acts on rotor and then make it turn. As the rotor start to rotate or turn then fixed brushes make and breaks the contact in such a way that with the rotating segments (commutation). The rotor coil of the brushed motor energized and de-energized in such a way so that the rotor start to turns. By transferring the power to the motor, current generate in rotor coils and therefore the north and south poles are reversed and because of the motor change the direction. From the Strength of the magnetic field, speed and torque of the motor depend Figure (1) Brushed DC Motor PRINCIPLE OPERATION Construction and operation of the Brushed DC Motor is shown below in figure (2).for the construction of the BDC motor always the same components are required i.e. Stator, rotor, commutator and brush. Figure (2) Simple two-pole brushed DC Motor Stator The rotor surrounded by the stationary magnetic field which is generated by the stator and this filed is generated by the permanent magnet or electromagnetic winding. On the construction of the stator, different types of BDC distinguish. Rotor Rotor is also known as an armature and it is made up of one or more windings. Magnetic field is produce when they energized. When the opposite pole of the magnetic poles, attract to each other which is generated by the stator, and causing the rotor to turns. The opposite poles are always attracting to each other. As the motor turns, the windings are being constantly energized. This deviation of the field in the rotor is called as an armature. Brushes and commutator There is no requirement of controller in BDC to switch current in motor winding. The commutation winding of the BDC motor is done mechanically. Reside on the axel of rotor there is a segmented copper sleeves called commutator. Carbon brushes slides over the commutator coming in a contact with the different segments of the commutator as the motor starts to turn. When the voltage is applied across the brushes of the motor then dynamic magnetic field is generated inside the motor. Brushes and commutator are the most important parts of the BDC motor that are most prone to wear because they are the sliding part to each other. SPEED CONTROL The Speed of a DC Motor is directly proportional to the voltage. By using the digital controller voltage can be control and to generate the average voltage pulse-width modulated (PWM) signal is used. In motor there is a motor winding which acts as a low pass filter so PWM develop a suitable current in the motor winding. ADVANTAGES Cheap in price because low cost of construction. Extend a life by replacing a brush. Inexpensive motor and simple control. Speed/Torque is normal at high speed. On fixed speed no control is required, Controller is required only at variable speed in this condition same controller can be used. DISADVANTAGES Maintenance is required for brushed DC Motor because of brush. If the brush friction increases, reduce the useful torque. Heat dissipation is poor because of internal rotor construction. Speed range is limited because of the mechanical limitation on brushes. Life is also shorter. Noise is generated due to brush. Application examples: moving toys, fans, printers, robots, electric bikes, -doors, -windows, -sun roofs, -seats, mixers, food processors, can openers, blenders, vacuum cleaners, toothbrushes, razors, coffee grinders, etc. Physical Parameters Moment of inertia of the motor (J) = 9.89 E-7 kg Nm s/rad Damping ratio of the mechanical system (b) = 5.84E-7 Nm s/rad Electromotive force or motor constant (K=Ke=Kt) = 0.008 Nm/-w Electric resistance (R) = 0.80 ohms Electric inductance (L) = 0.00041H Friction coefficient, f Input (V): Source Voltage Output (theta): position of shaft the rotor and shaft are assumed to be rigid CONCLUSION Brushed DC motors are very simple to use and easy to control, which makes them a short design-in item. PIC microcontrollers, especially those with CCP or ECCP modules are ideally suited for driving BDC motors. Refference Circuit Diagram for DC Motor Control by A. Collins http://www.nxp.com/documents/application_note/AN10513.pdf http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/00905a.pdf http://www.orientalmotor.com/MotionControl101/AC-brushless-brushed-motors.html http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/00885a.pdf http://www.dynetic.com/brushless%20vs%20brushed.htm file:///D:/matlab/index.php.htm